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The Art of Creativity
Why all of a sudden at this point in earth's history, the surge in Creativity? This I believe is because of the surge of Information and our ease of access to it. Enough information has now become available on just about any subject that we can make things better in less time, with less resources. A shift towards more efficient, simpler products and lifestyles is on the way. The formula for creativity is Information + Overload/Fatigue + Rest From Overload = Illumination/Breakthrough.
I believe this is only the beginning of a cycle, much like the Renaissance period that occurred in previous earth's history . This cycle will peak between 2025 and 2030, whereupon it will slow down. We will be in a new era that will consist of many of the worlds needs for food, warmth and shelter being met, at least in the modern countries. This will than start to spread to less developed countries.
Creative People
The end result of a cycle of personal creativity is a simple, striking effective outcome of a new invention or art form. This can be displayed in the arts or new technological breakthroughs. Examples include Steve Wozniak of Apple, who eliminated much of the cumbersome circuits in the early P.C's, Google, with is simple homepage, Einstein’s theory of E=MC Squared and the simplicity of Rolls Royce engines. This simple solution strikes a chord within the observer. The cycle of effective simplicity follows the similar path of conservation. For example, composting instead of filling up a landfill and recycling instead of burying it in yet another landfill.
The Process from Which Creativity Emerges
The most important part of a creative cycle occurs outside of our waking consciousness, without even thinking of it. The creative process itself cannot be directly observed. This is much like Quantum Physics where the process of observing the outcome of an experiment affects the end result. German physicist Hermann Helmholtz described the process he used to create many of the scientific discoveries he made throughout his lifetime. It consists of 3 simple stages.
1 - Saturation. This consists of the initial investigation until no further progress is possible.
2 - Incubation. This is a period of rest and recovery, from which conscious awareness of the problem is withdrawn. Incubation allows the earlier stages of the process to move about, re-shuffle themselves and become re-organized into an recognizable pattern.
3 - Illumination. Out of the blue, or by accident, or even through our dreams, a sudden and unexpected solution clearly presents itself.
French Mathematician Henri Poincare described in 1908 his process of creativity, which is very similar to Helmholtz's, only he added a 4th step which he named verification. Verification of a concept could take anywhere from hours or days to months or years and involve scientific confirmation, public feedback or other tools to measure how valid and how much weight the theory holds. The Creative Process Simplified Any creative act begins with a period of study, fact gathering and conscious efforts at problem solving. After continued efforts, this results in mental or physical fatigue, boredom or frustration, or reduced attention to the task. Next attention is removed from the problem from a few hours to a few years. While attention is removed, the unconscious tends to the materials of the problem and continues to work it over until Step 3 (the "AH-HA" moment) which is the moment of illumination and discovery. During this time the researcher's daily routine may be interrupted by unexpected clues along the way leading up to the moment of illumination.
A breakthrough worthy of recognition or a new life changing innovation only occurs after a sustained period of incubation. Illumination can be sudden or it can consist of a slow growing awareness that grows stronger over a period of months or even years. This results in new ways to tackle problems, as well as new dazzling solutions to complex theories and issues.
The poet A.E. Houseman could generate a complete poem in his mind after a lazy afternoon stroll on a warm day. However 17th century Astronomer Johannes Kepler had his discoveries revealed to him through moments of spontaneous illumination over a longer span of time, which involved the complex laws expressing the movements of the planets. It appears the more complex the problem, the longer the illumination period.
A final stage involves testing, development and checking on the details. This could take a few minutes for a math or physics problem to a few years if writing a novel or play. Some people may go to extremes to verify their "Ah-Ha" moment. When Pythagoras discovered the famous theorem that the square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other 2 sides, he sacrificed a Hecatomb (100 oxen), to the Gods.
Experiments by researcher Norman Maier showed that when people were asked why they received an answer to their problem the volunteers stated over and over again that "The solution just dawned on me" or "I just realized". It is not possible to form ideas from the rushing stream of thoughts flowing forth from the unconscious mind to forcibly generate a solution. Only when enough detailed facts, impressions, concepts, endless conscious ruminations, attempted solutions and even down to the smallest details that the unconscious mind starts putting itself on autopilot. This results in a churning of the massive amount of data, which than eventually surges forth a simplified solution through the moment of illumination.
Mathematician Poincare worked on his complex equations for over 2 weeks before the solution to the problem popped into his mind. Researcher James D. Watson's discovery of the DNA Helix occurred only after years of model making, speculation and theorizing. Accomplished Poet Amy Lowell used a technique where she would imagine herself dropping a subject for a new poem into an imaginary mailbox and forgetting about it. 6 months later, the words of an award winning poem would begin forming in her mind. Both James D. Watson and Amy Low both had years of research, intensive study, education and experience that caused them to use these techniques effectively to produce strikingly effective creative works.
The unconscious mind is unique in that it can produce simplified solutions to any problem. We can think of the process of the unconscious mind as a heaving phosphorescent sea below the verge of our waking consciousness, churning out new solutions to complex problems, resulting in a new concept that excites us or makes life better for humanity. This means before solutions can present themselves clearly to us, many years of experience, education, hard work and information (sometimes overload) must first be present.
It is a fact it takes 2 to 3 years educating or practicing a skill 5 to 8 hours a day to become a master at a chosen task, trade or profession. This is why I stress to my readers who are exploring their creative talents to find something you love, than pursue it for 2 years so you are than seen as the expert, than start charging what you're worth, so you can make a living out of it.
Why the Unconscious Holds the Answers and our Waking Consciousness Cannot Find the Answers
After the conscious mind has been stuffed full of information, it is the brief period of rest, incubation or unexpected interruption that forces the answer upon the waking consciousness. The mind always comes back refreshed after a brief period of rest from researching a topic until fatigue starts setting in. Divergent Production tests (which involve naming as many consequences related to a new situation in a limited span of time), show that those with a 10 minute break in-between the tests did much better than on the tests than those with no breaks. Those with the 20 minute break had the best results.
Plans for solving problems are kept in short term memory where the short term memory than begins working on the problem. Next the information is shifted to long term memory where it is forgotten about and churned over. This eventually leads us down the path to illumination or the "AH-HA" moment of inspiration and discovery.
Original Goals May Change While Experiencing Creativity
During some creative projects, the incubation of a problem can lead us to a new outcome, new goal or send us down new avenues of exploration. The renowned Explorer Christopher Columbus is one example, Captain James Cook is another. Unlike areas such as Chemistry or Algebra, which have clearly defined goals at the beginning, the Arts, Behavioral Science and Equipment Engineering Professions and Design usually contain unclear goals when first starting out. These goals have to have a component of flexibility built in the creativity process in order to reach the end goal successfully. Writers who set out to write a new novel encounter this all the time. By allowing the story to change along the way, the end result can be a highly successful novel. In these cases by not sticking to a rigid path and following where the information leads you, it is the best means to arrive at a successful conclusion. This is where the saying "I could only do it by following where the material led me", which is commonly heard by those in the arts, who write screenplays and other similar branches where flexibility is necessary to achieve a successful outcome.
Special Attention Showered on Groups Enhances Worker Output
Researcher Elton Mayo and his team took a group of factory workers and varied their routines to see which one increased worker output or increased production. They varied lighting conditions, lunch hours, break times, pay days and other routines. They discovered that worker productivity and creativity increased no matter what condition they varied. They named this the "Hawthorne Effect", because the special attention that was being showered upon the groups caused them to feel special and recognized, therefore they produced more just by observation and attention.
This study is also a good example of how Elton Mayo's team arrived at a conclusion completely different from the goal they set out on. Researcher Ulric Neisser stated that unlike our short term memory which is limited by our self-imposed mental programming or constraint's, the unconscious has no constraints attached to it. This allows for multiple chains of thought and problem solving to occur at the same moment in time. This makes it a much more efficient and more effective way to solve problems and bring forth our creativity.
To use an illustration, take a master or expert of any profession and watch him work. As an example a person who assembles and tunes violins can do it in a matter of mere minutes compared to the novice, but ask him/ her to explain how they do it, and it would take the best part of 30 minutes or more to explain each detailed step.
When the moment of illumination occurs it may only come after years of highly skilled problem solving. It took Einstein 10 years to develop the theoretical implications of his spontaneous vision of observing himself in a mirror while riding a beam of light.
It is every little detail that the long term memory picks up and absorbs, much like a sponge. This information will then be used later on to create the "AH-HA" moment, in most cases the output being a simplified solution, much like a compressed piece of time and space that strikes a chord within those observing it.
Researchers Hayes and Flower displayed the process of creativity used by writers in a simplified 3 stage process. This is the process consists of:
1 - Planning.
2 - Translation.
3 - Reviewing.
Each process consists of several sub-processes, such as retrieving data from long term memory or fact finding projects to verify the information received and facts and figures.
This entire process is governed by a part of the mind termed the "Executive Portion of the Conscious Mind".
How to Effectively Ignite the Fire of Creativity Within
Let's use some examples from creative people who shared their ideas and experiences with us. The writer Schiler wrote best when smelling rotting apples. French writer Émile Zola wrote best when stimulated by Artificial Light. Naturalist Comte De Buffon worked best after he dressed himself up as if going on a social outing. Poet Ben Johnson worked best while smelling tea, the scent of orange peels or while listening to the purring of a cat. Composer Andre Gretry composed his best when his feet were immersed ice cold water. Einstein and Sigmond Freuid found they got their best solutions when experiencing bouts of abdominal discomfort, which they did not deliberately induce. From my own experience, when I am doing deep research study, I have to drink spring water and use probiotics or macrobiotics such as yogurt or raw peanuts, or I get abdominal discomfort. This always occurs if my research studies are taking place around a full moon.
Some Methods to Induce Creativity
Knowledge and Information alone will not always create a final effective solution to a problem, but a creative mind without the necessary knowledge cannot generate solutions to problems.
Noted Psychiatrist Silvano Arieti states that creativity flourishes when in isolation. Isolation is like a shield against outside distractions and negative influences. It is a well known fact that many leading physicist's keep a remote mountain cabin where they can think through their math equations while in isolation. Isolation also encourages sensory deprivation. This forces us to have to listen to our inner voice and guidance. This is how creative ideas emerge after a period of incubation. Day dreaming, somnolence and inactivity, such as a break from a fixed schedule or routine, are a period where barriers of the unconscious mind start to fade. This also shows that ideas to solutions will sometimes present themselves while we are asleep dreaming. Many times our dreams will use symbolism to reveal the answer to our problem. German Pharmacologist, Otto Loewi, who made the discovery of nerve impulses in frogs legs, which won him the 1936 Nobel Peace Prize, obtained his breakthrough discovery from a reoccurring dream.
By learning to tackle problems at a high level of abstraction, we avoid getting ourselves locked into a special singular view of the problem, allowing more remote and unlikely creative solutions to spring forth.
MIT Engineering Professor John Arnold, was given the task to design a new way of printing. He decided to think of the task in broad terms instead of the basic attributes which included Ink, Rollers, Typeset etc. Broad descriptions included:
1 - Conveys Information
2 - Transfers Information from A to B
3 - Displays information as a visual form from one form or place to another
4 - Starts to rolls out multiple copies of these renderings
This form of looking at the problem allows a person to think in a broader term, which would than induce thoughts and ideas such as Movable Type, Ink Transfer and Photostatic Copying. This avoids a person using the terms plate to plate ink transfer and so on.
One way to help think in broader terms is to avoid the use of Nouns when naming objects related to the project. Nouns reinforce rigid classification of objects and using verbs helps to bring the objects into a much more broader context.
Consultant William J.J. Gordan used a method to invent a new style of can opener. He told his think tank to avoid using the word "Can Opener" during brainstorming sessions, and instead asked them to brainstorm using the word "opening" only. This new flow of ideas and information received included one brilliant concept of where in nature pea pods have a seam that can be pulled to reveal the peas inside the pod. This than lead to the idea of creating cans that have soft or easily broken seams much like today's pop tops and pull tape containers.
The newly created items we see in today's supermarkets would never have been made possible, if the brainstorming sessions used the word "can opener", due to its strict and rigid style of context.
Creativity Is Sometimes Embraced as Public Opinion Changes Over Time
Some styles of creativity have been born too early and may not yet be ready for the masses. Some works of art are not admired until later generations. Picasso is one example. William James and Herbert Spence, highly original thinkers in their day, were disenfranchised by their generation. However over time their ideas become restored to the intellectual hall of fame. This means that some works are meant to become famous at a later date because their moment in time has not yet arrived.
In Shakespeare's 18th Century plays, critics thought his style was rough an unpolished and took about 2 to 3 generations until audiences learned to appreciate the depth and genius of his plays.
Routine Artifical Creativity
Repetitive routines may induce a form of artificial creativity. This includes prime time television shows, greeting card verses and the latest model cars. These are certainly not true acts of creativity, but repetitive continued monologues designed to serve or fit a particular audience for a set length of time or trying to please a director or producer.
The Ah Ha Moment of Illumination
Psychologist Jerome S. Brunder showed that a creative response produces an effective surprise and an induced shock of recognition . It creates a sense of satisfaction within the observer. It gives us the feeling that deep down, the answer while unexpected, is really the right one. When using groups, it is the key that people telling us it is creative that have had some background familiarity of the product type to begin with.
Researcher Teresa M. Amabile discovered that when rating artistic products, it is best to take the approach of a radically subjective view, and not use any set or defined criteria when judging or identifying them. Her research showed that a product is creative only to the extent that people tell us that it is creative.
This is how we are able to recognize a person who is smiling without them telling us why they are doing it. It may take a person 10 minutes of words to tell us why he/she is smiling, but we know without a worded explanation the meaning expressed by the person smiling. This shows that the human spirit recognizes creativity when they see it. This means the creative answer to a problem makes us feel good and instills a bond of recognition that we admire.
Creativity Traits
Each expert in their chosen profession exhibits certain characteristics that identify with their creativity. Those in the research sciences are usually loners, sensitive and gentle. Artists may be exhibit prolonged periods of emotional distress or depression and Broadway directors are likely to be highly sociable and seen at dinner parties and social events. Wagner was monstrously bold and domineering. Tchaikovsky was timid and self doubting, Einstein was unassuming and mild mannered.
Overall creative people are hardworking and preserving, and are highly independent and non-conformist in their lifestyles and views. Research studies have shown that the most creative people are not super intelligent, but are just a little smarter than the rest of us. This gives them the advantage of being able to communicate to us on a broader level.
Creativity Peaks in Middle Age
Some people do their best creative works when they are young. Other groups perfect their skills as they age. Examples include Michelangelo, Shakespeare, Freud and Picasso.
Studies have shown that the majority of Nobel Prize Winners obtained their prizes while in or near middle age. And that younger scientists outperformed older scientists in the mass of scientific works and papers accomplished. This means that careful work, that is properly reviewed and fact checked, although taking longer, yields the best life changing discoveries.
Field Dependence Studies and Creativity
Creative people have a natural ability to be more inclined towards field Independence, rather than being field dependent, or relying on outside sources to help them.
This cognitive style can be identified by asking a subject to pick out a geometric shape that is hiding in a complicated pattern. The results are than divided into 2 styles or categories. Those who are Field Dependant and those who are Field IN-Dependent.
Results proved that creative people can more easily define, spot, sort and characterize the complex geometric shapes existing within complex patterns.
This means they not only have an eye for small details, but can spot traits and re-occurring trends in large amounts of random data.
Categorization
Another test used to filter out highly creative people from the masses is a test called Categorization. This test shows that creative people have the unique ability to sort and sift out huge amounts of data and assign categories to it. Astronomer Edwin Hubble is one example. Aristotle was able to spot that whales belonged to a group he
named Mammals and the 16th century philosopher Giordano Bruno grouped the stars of the universe into systems of suns. 17th Century Math Wiz Christian Huygens divided the huge invisible waves of light into single spectrums.
Traits of Highly Creative People
Researcher Guilford divided tests conductive to divergent production. Divergent Production involves asking a subject to give a wide variety of responses when faced with a task. A word fluency test is one example when a person in a limited amount of time must write as many words as possible that end with ___tion. Another test consists of a person visualizing a disaster and is asked to list all the things that would occur if that event happened. Long lists are rated high in ideational fluency and the more variety and how unusual the final answers, the higher the flexibility score. In all these types of tests, creative people scored higher than average in fluency, flexibility and originality.
A genuine act of creativity is rich in its culture, complex, and strikes a chord deep within us. It is the creative person's ability to connect the dots between independent relationships existing all around us and to indentify the patterns and relationships that we all fail to see that sets them apart from the rest of us. To express itself, the creative mind thinks in terms of metaphors automatically.
Many creative people use metaphors deliberately to generate their discoveries and make their breakthroughs. Einstein’s theory of relativity was gained from the insight that stationary observers could see Einstein whizzing by when looking into their mirror, because he was riding on a ray of light, while holding his own mirror in front of him. We can induce metaphors by increasing how keen we feel about certain events and guidelines.
Creative people are able to connect remote entities, find the pieces of a puzzle and put them together and make metaphorical analogous connections. Non- creative people can sometimes see creative people as making these connections as bizarre, disconcerting and irrational. It may take decades or even years for the average person to fully see the connections clearly, which is why it is key that creative people simplify as much as possible some of the complex discoveries they make, and leave the complex parts hidden, yet available to those who understand the entire concept.
Using Analogy as a Path to Creativity
Alexander Graham Bell examined the Human ear and saw it as a way of developing a working phone transmitter, as the ear was a receiver. This form of problem solving is known as Direct Analogy.
Symbolic Analogy is less refined and uses more visual cues, such as a writer might use when writing a suspense novel.
He/She visualizes a sealed vessel that is under a slow burning fire, than after a set span of time, a fantastic explosion would occur.
Fantasy Analogy involves wild theories and ideas that are sifted through and chosen for consideration in the final plan later in.
Transport Engineers might think of such terms as flying carpets or teleportation. In one brainstorming session a group sought a new way of temporarily holding wires together for an electrical connection. The idea of "holding between teeth" came up, which is now why we see alligator clips used in the electrical circuit sciences.
The essential mechanism behind brainstorming is the temporary suspension of critical judgment during the brainstorming session. This allows ideas and free flowing thoughts to roam freely without any fear of rejection or critical judgments.
An atmosphere that encourages freewheeling ideas allows for ideas to form no matter how far-fetched they may seem at the time, because they can always be evaluated for consideration in the final plan later on.
Over 200 years ago, Dr Schiller summed up the reason for his colleges "creativity block". He stated "It is the constraint which your intellect is imposing upon your imagination. Your creative works are hindered if the intellectual part of your thinking examines too closely ideas that are newly flowing forth.
Creative minds allow at the right time the intellect to withdrawal itself from being observed, allowing ideas to rush through. Than the intellect can re-appear and review/inspect these ideas.
Experts
Experts consist of a different style of creativity. They are excellent problem solvers, however they fail miserably when asked to generate a novel or radical solution. It is their continuous knowledge and training that causes them to see problems in a conventional way and allowing for answers to occur within a limited frame of reference. This gives some experts the name "hardening of the categories", named after a medical condition called "hardening of the arteries".
People that work in the humanities make good experts to view novel and new innovations with a fresh eye, rather than with the eye of an expert. This is because they are uninformed and unfettered by continuous practice and tradition.
This means the more skilled we become at solving a particular type of problem, the more resistant we become to using radically different ways of trying to solve them. This is common of social views of inventors in general. They are rewarded for solving problems that help the common good, but if their new ideas violate common tradition, or alter existing public opinion, they are ostracized. This is because their ideas are not yet accepted and make take some time for their innovations to be accepted into the mainstream or until a crises occurs where they are regarded as saviors.
Historical examples include Vesalius who was deemed mad, because he questioned the anatomical wisdom of Galen. The famous Physician Researcher Ignaz Semmelweis, who discovered germ theory, was made fun of and eventually driven out of the hospital he worked in by the surgeons when he insisted that the high rate of birth deaths was from infection occurring from the improper hand washing.
Over time the statistics of lowered death rate come to be in his favor. Infections from birth related deaths went from a high of 12% to just 1.5%. Another famous example is critics made fun of and sneered at Joyce's Ulysses.
Edison’s first light bulb was deemed impracticable (due to the long wires needed to fuel the light bulbs) when he first unveiled it almost 100 years ago.
We see this same trend take place in our rigid educational institutions. Research psychologist E. Paul Torrance discovered that high school science teachers scoring high on creativity tests were rated lower by superiors for classroom work than teachers who exhibited little or no creativity.
So if creative people in rigid establishments are not accepted or ridiculed even for their brilliant work, how do some of them still manage to make major breakthroughs and become recognized for their outstanding achievements?
The answer lays in the sheer joy of satisfaction of tackling a difficult problem, especially after seeing others give up in sheer frustration. As a matter of fact it is this moment of sheer frustration that others encounter, that those with the trained eye make their biggest breakthroughs. The Wright Brothers obtained many of their designs from Leonardo DaVinci and Early European Aviation drawings, but it was only with the advent of the piston driven engine could they make a plane with sustained flight a reality.
Researchers also showed that excessive rewards and the showering of attention can hinder the creative process. Torrance creativity studies with children showed those who worked without evaluation or critical judgment created pictures and works of art that were far more creative and striking than those who underwent review, judgment and were compared to each other using a scoring system.
They discovered that when the children were left to their own imagination, without encouragement, they did their best, compared to when it was appraised. This mirrors the concept of quantum physics, where observation ruins the outcome of quantum experiments, where allowing the experiment to "run itself" on its own without excess outside interference results in the best outcome.
Another study showed that people were told to create art that was going to judged by artists. The other group was told nothing at all, but to just freely create on their own. At the end of the study, the group that was told nothing had significantly more creative work, than the group that underwent judgment of their work, and who tried to live up to the expectations of the judges and reviewers. This proves that allowing yourself to be yourself when on a journey of creativity can make a big difference in the final outcome.
Researcher Amabile showed that professionally creative people who earn a consistent living by creating works of art or innovative solutions, become so skilled by what they do, that they are able to consciously block out the lure of reward, and excessive praise or the influence of critical public opinion. Their intrinsic interest is so strong that that it means rewards and incentives do not affect their creative works while they are creating it.
In conclusion, highly creative people deserve admiration because the spirit that motivates them produces an easier life for us all. Even we ourselves do tasks just for the sheer joy of discovering a scrap of fresh insight or a better way to perform an ordinary routine task.
The Conscious Mind and Creativity
Artists express their creativity as a "I don't use logical thought before painting, rather the masterpiece creates itself following my chain of mobile thoughts". It is the unconscious mind that governs our accustomed automatic behavior. This is how we can set the breakfast table without tripping over the sleeping dog without the conscious mind paying any attention to the minor details. Cognitive researchers call this "Over-learning" or "Automation". As we showed earlier, Inventors, researchers and artists make their breakthroughs only after intense effort. Than forgetting about it. The solution than re-emerges in a simple and straight forward answer. This can sometimes be triggered by an sudden interruption, which happened to the poet Coleridge, who while sleeping one night was dreaming of a poem consisting of 200 to 300 words in length. He then woke up and wrote 54 lines of his poem. He was suddenly startled, by a pounding on the door, by a person on business.
After tending to the business he started to continue to write out the rest of the poem, but could not recall the approximate additional 150 additional lines. Had the interruption not occurred, he never would have wrote one of the finest pieces in all of English Romantic Poetry, which still survives to this day and was written in 1797. Perhaps it was the 2 events that triggered such a powerful creative work. The person on business was heading to his residence while Coleridge was in the middle of dreaming the poem. These 2 events on their way to meeting each other create the final work of creativity, perhaps showing that true creativity needs the work of 2 opposing forces.
Experts in a profession such as Airline Pilots, Jugglers and typists who perform these tasks and routines with relative ease, don't rely on conscious thinking to do their work, they are operating on automation.
It is only in the learning process, or educational period that our conscious intentions activate the necessary sensor motor schemas in our subconscious mind which become the detailed sub routines that make complex automated tasks look so easy to the rest of us. Routine tasks such as driving or dressing are not given an afterthought because we know the exact steps to achieve the outcome.
The Types of Creativity
True innovative creativity should not be confused with contracted forms of artistry. Any person can create a statute of Mozart or Verdi, and be admired for making it. However it is the event or original creator who was the real pioneer of the creative work that generated the original idea or process that was than copied by others. Mozart for example who is the true genius in this form of art, was a pioneer.
The artists who created the statute of him, were probably contracted out or paid to make the statute. Most likely the artist was inspired by Mozart, much like Mozart was also inspired to create his masterpieces of music. His breakthroughs came about by sheer effort and much work, something a price could never be put upon. His works are now eternal and will live on forever.
Leonardo Da Vinci is another example of a person with original ideas, who was creating and publishing his ideas them without financial motive, much like a clown or street artist earn their best money when performing for the sheer joy and satisfaction it brings.
Behind every genius, there is always something that inspires them. Mozart pioneered new styles and composition of music without being specially paid for each piece.
So in conclusion, high levels of creativity can be learned and experienced only when we put forth the effort and persevere at it. This is the true spark that lights the fire of creativity from within. This than makes life simpler and smoother for the next generation to enjoy until the next person takes on the challenge and improves upon it.
Contact Information
Scott Rauvers
CO/The Mightyz Company
Honolulu, Hawaii